Pavlov's trained involuntary response
Pavlov begins the studies of conditioned reflexes, the body trained to respond to a signal, that will define the physiology of the mind.
Ivan Pavlov receives the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on digestion, the first Russian laureate, and turns toward the conditioned reflex.
In St Petersburg, Bekhterev founds the world's first integrated psychoneurological institute, a base for his reflexology and his studies of suggestion.